Portal de Molina de Segura
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The Centre for Soil Science and Applied Biology of Insurance at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC / CEBAS), and the Department of Environment of the City of Molina de Segura work for three years in the research project on soil improvement and regeneration of vegetation cover municipal forest areas aimed at improving molinense environmental conservation and biodiversity, and also has among its objectives the recovery of former agricultural land and its integration as new forest lands.
The experimental plots are located in the Ecological Park Vicente Blanes, a municipal natural area managed by the Natural Environment Service of the Department of Environment, whose location is a defining characteristic of its climate, characterized by a marked aridity.
It also has a significant vegetation, and a large number of species of flora and fauna.
A group of expert researchers of CEBAS-CSIC, under the direction of Antonio Roldan, develop this project, assisted by the municipality of Molina de Segura, municipal biologist, Carmen Mondéjar.
The project consists essentially of reforestation with native trees and shrubs in the Mediterranean region, the size of a sap and treated with mycorrhizal inoculation technique.
A symbiosis between fungi and plants, in which participants receive benefits.
The plant receives mineral nutrients from the fungus mainly as phosphorus, calcium and potassium, and water.
In addition, the fungus works to protect the plant and making it more resistant to temperature changes.
For its part, the fungus obtained from a plant carbohydrates and vitamins that he is unable to synthesize.
As actions prior to the restoration work is carried out a comprehensive study of soil conditions in the Ecological Park Vicente Blanes, for which it holds a stratified sample that includes all the variables of topographic, lithologic material original, existing vegetation, etc., which exist in the area under study.
Explains the Councillor for the Environment, Consuelo Mesegur Rosaura, "Molina de Segura is a municipality that is committed to advancing the preservation of our forests through a deeper understanding of the environment, to responding to the demand for technologies that enhance the performance of reforestation. In addition, environmental changes caused by loss of vegetative cover lead to increased erosion and desertification. The natural revegetation tends to be slow in arid and semiarid Mediterranean ecosystems, where water scarcity often limits or prevents the establishment plant and its growth. Therefore, support for this reforestation project and research as a strategy for restoration of degraded ecosystems in our town is a priority in conservation programs of the natural environment of our town. "
The selected species in the early experimental stages, considered appropriate to restore and enhance the characteristic biodiversity of Southeastern Spain, while helping to prevent erosion and desertification in this semi-arid zone have been seven, carob (Ceratonia siliqua), ephedra ( Ephedra fragilis), black hawthorn (Rhamnus lycioides), mastic (Pistacia lentiscus), wild olive (Olea europaea), palm (Chamaerops humilis) and broom (Retama sphaerocarpa).
In later phases have been used: Albaida (Anthyllis cytisoides), myrtle (Myrtus communis), juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus), Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) and rock rose (Cistus albidus).
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi used were: Glomus intraradices, used as a soil inoculant in agriculture and horticulture for lettuce, corn or avocado, Glomus mosseae used in olive plants, and Glomus deseticola.
All of them are from the collection of Zaidin Experimental Station in Granada.
In the analysis of the plants have taken steps of its height and diameter, and calculating the parameters of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
Studied soil pH, electrical conductivity and aggregate stability and chemical properties (water-soluble carbohydrates, total nitrogen, available phosphorus) and biological (microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity, acid phosphatase activity, urease activity , protease activity / BAA, and activity Beta / glucosidase).
For the wild olive and carob trees, all treatments with the three fungi had a positive effect on untreated plants, being the most effective fungus in the plant height of G.
deseticola.
Ephedra plants suffered much during the first summer planting, with 15% losses.
Of the three treatments, those treated with the fungus G.
deserticola were the better withstood drought.
Par black hawthorn and mastic, all treatments had a positive effect with respect to untreated plants, being the most effective fungus G.
mosseae.
In the palm and the broom were in the summer months with a slow growth and some loss, especially of palm.
For them the most effective treatment was with the fungus G.
intraradices.
In these three years of the project, it is concluded that inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi, both in seedlings and in the field, has a positive effect on growth of forest plants.
The visual appearance of mycorrhizal plants are better than non mycorrhizal, with more vigorous plants, size and deeper color.
Source: Ayuntamiento de Molina de Segura
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